Diagnostics of an anomalous personality


https://doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2020-4-16

Full Text:




Abstract

It is necessary for a clinical psychologist to determine adequately whether a person is structurally normal or abnormal. Such a diagnosis prejudges work with the person either in the penal system or in the health care one. Several hundred professional tests are successfully used in professional psychology and clinical medicine. It should be noted that most of them have been developed in clinical medicine and foreign psychiatric clinics. The article analyzes in detail the projective tests as a clinical method of psychodiagnostics. Rorschach test, Shondi test, M. Luscher color test, TAT method, and others are the most popular among the specialists. Their distinctive feature from questionnaires is that the obtained result processing is not quantitative, but qualitative. Patient diagnosis depends on the experience and value orientations of a clinical psychologist and psychiatrist. Scientific schools and the culture of various countries play a significant role in this. Although there are certain international criteria for the diagnosis of personality. They are based on DSM–IV diagnostic table. Its indicators are more intended for a psychiatrist and psychotherapist. The authors raise a very unequivocal problem of using personal questionnaires from a legal point of view. Foreign studies reveal the impact of clinicians on the criminal law system, as well as the impact of legislation on the psychiatric clinics system. In the late XX century, a complex forensic psychological and psychiatric examination (CSTI) appeared at the junction of the expert application of psychiatry and psychology. It is important to note that the objects of its research are persons with borderline neuropsychiatric disorders and character anomalies. A key aspect in the activities of professional psychologists and psychiatrists is studying the validity in diagnosis using a case of the «Picture of a Man»(RFC) test. The results of foreign studies have shown that the decisions that clinical psychologists make about their patients are nothing more than a projection of their preconceived opinions. Thus, when making a fateful decision for each individual person, in no case should one make mistakes.


About the Authors

Yu. N. Belokopytov
Siberian Federal University
Russian Federation

Yuri N. Belokopytov – Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor, Department of Theory and Methods of Social Work, Law Institute

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk



G. V. Panasenko
Siberian Federal University
Russian Federation

Galina V. Panasenko – Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor, Department of Theory and Methods of Social Work, Law Institute

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk



References

1. Bellak L., Abt L. E. (eds.) Projective psychology. Moscow, April Press, EKSMO-Press, 2000, 528 p. (In Russ.)

2. Belyi B. I. Rorschach test. Practice and theory. Saint Petersburg, Dorval, 1992, 200 p. (In Russ.)

3. Sobchik L. N. The portrait election method is Sondi´s adapted test: a practical guide. Saint Petersburg, Speech, 2002, 128 p. (In Russ.)

4. Dragunsky V. V. Color personality test: a practical guide. Minsk, Harvest, 1999, 448 p. (In Russ.)

5. Sokolova E. T. Projective techniques of personality study. Moscow, Moscow Univ. Publ., 1980, 176 p. (In Russ.)

6. Stepanov S. S. The intelligence diagnosis by a drawing test. Moscow, Monuments of hist. thoughts, 1995, 96 p. (In Russ.)

7. Pisho P. Psychological testing. Saint Petersburg, Piter, 2004, 160 p. (In Russ.)

8. Bokovikova A. M. (ed.) Encyclopedia of depth psychology. Vol. IV. Individual psychology. Analytical psychology. Moscow, Kogito-Center, MGM, 2004. 588 p. (In Russ.)

9. Shmelev A. G. Psychodiagnostics of personality traits. Saint Petersburg, Speech, 2002, 480 p. (In Russ.)

10. Burlachuk L. F. Psychodiagnostics. Saint Petersburg, Piter, 2003, 351 p. (In Russ.)

11. Batarshev A. V. Multifactorial personal questionnaire by R. Cattell: a practical guide. Moscow, TC Sphere, 2002, 96 p. (In Russ.)

12. Laak J., Brugman G. Big 5: How to measure human individuality: evaluations and descriptions. Moscow, University, 2003, 112 p. (In Russ.)

13. Zeigarnik B. V., Bratus´ B. S. Essays on the psychology of abnormal personality development. Moscow, Moscow Univ. Publ., 1980, 169 p. (In Russ.)

14. Bratus' B. S. Anomalies of personality. Moscow, Thought, 1988, 301 p. (In Russ.)

15. Kondakov V. S., Zolotukhina O. N. Personality inside out. Psychopathy, neurosis, psychomatic disorders. Izhevsk, Udmurt Univ. Publ., 1999, 322 p. (In Russ.)

16. Sobchik L. N. Standardized multifactor method of personality research SMPR. Saint Petersburg, Speech, 2000, 219 p. (In Russ.)

17. Sobchik L. N. Psychology of individuality. Theory and practice of psychodiagnostics. Saint Petersburg, Speech, 2003, 624 p. (In Russ.)

18. Solomin I. L. Express diagnostics of the personnel. Saint Petersburg, Speech, 2008, 280 p. (In Russ.)

19. Laak (ter) Ya. Psychodiagnostics: problems of content and methods. Moscow, Voronezh, MODEK, 1996, 384 p. (In Russ.)

20. Wasserman L. I., Schelkova O. Yu. Medical psychodiagnostics: theory, practice and training. Moscow, Academy, Saint Petersburg, St. Petersburg Univ., 2004, 736 p. (In Russ.)

21. Demyanov Yu. G. Diagnosis of mental disorders: a practical work. Saint Petersburg, MiM, 1999, 224 p. (In Russ.)

22. Komer R. Pathopsychology of behavior. The psyche violations and pathologies. Saint Petersburg, Prime-EUROZNAK, 2007, 640 p. (In Russ.)

23. Kudryavtsev I. A. Forensic psychological and psychiatric examination. Moscow, Legal literature, 1988, 224 p. (In Russ.)

24. Chapmen L. J., Chapman J. Test results such as you represent them. Decision making in uncertainty. Rules and prejudices. Kharkov, 2014, chap. 17, pp. 274–285. (In Russ.)

25. Guedes I. M. E. S., Domingos S. P. A., Cardoso C. S. Fear of crime, personality and trait emotions: an empirical study. European Journal of Criminology, 2018, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 658–679. (In Russ.)

26. Thijs P. E., Van Dijk I. K., Stoof R., Notten N. Adolescent problem behaviour: the gender gap in European perspective. European Journal of Criminology, 2015, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 598–615.

27. Bradford B., Quinton P., Myhill A., Porter G. Why do «the law» comply? Procedural justice, group identification and officer motivation in police organizations. European Journal of Criminology, 2013, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 110–131.

28. Pauwels L. J. R., Svensson R., Hirtenlehner H. Testing situational action theory: a narrative review of studies published between 2006 and 2015. European Journal of Criminology, 2018, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 32–55.

29. Op de Beeck H., Pauwels L. J. R., Put J. Schools, strain and offending: testing a school contextual version of general strain theory. European Journal of Criminology, 2012, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 52–72.

30. Rebellon C. J. Differential association and substance use: Assessing the roles of discriminant validity, socialization, and selection in traditional empirical tests. European Journal of Criminology, 2012, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 73–96.


Supplementary files

For citation: Belokopytov Y.N., Panasenko G.V. Diagnostics of an anomalous personality. Professional education in the modern world. 2020;10(4):4321-4330. https://doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2020-4-16

Views: 612

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2224-1841 (Print)