Issues of enhancing the cognitive activity of students in the classroom in the discipline «Technology» in modern conditions

Introduction. The rapid development and widespread use of digital technologies, observed recently, leads to drastic changes in most areas of society, including in the education system. Standard approaches and teaching methods are currently proving to be insufficiently effective, and far from fully meeting the needs and peculiarities of perception of the modern generation of students who are carriers of the so-called «digital» type of thinking. In this situation, the problem of activating the cognitive activity of students, the formation of stable cognitive motives and the development of skills for independent acquisition of knowledge is becoming increasingly relevant. Purpose setting. Cognitive activity of students is defined as an active process of acquiring, processing and using knowledge. It includes cognitive processes such as attention, perception, memory, thinking and problem solving. The activation of students’ cognitive activity in technology lessons involves the creation of conditions that stimulate their curiosity, encourage research and critical thinking. Methodology and methods of the study. The theoretical provisions of the activation of cognitive activity among students were laid down in the fundamental works of L.S. Vygotsky, D.B. Elkonin, V.V. Davydov, revealing the psychological and pedagogical mechanisms of personality development in the process of educational activity. The peculiarities of teaching the discipline «Technology» in modern conditions are studied in the joint works of P.R. Atutova, Y.L. Khotuntseva and V.D. Simonenko, as well as G.I. Kruglikova. At the same time, despite significant scientific study of various aspects of the problem, many issues related to the search for effective methods and techniques to stimulate cognitive activity of schoolchildren, taking into account the specifics of technological education and the challenges of the digital age, have not yet found their final solution. Results. In the course of the work, the author of this article studied the cognitive activity of students in grades 5–8 of secondary schools, compiled a model and formulated the pedagogical conditions necessary to activate the cognitive activity of students. The conducted research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed model and a set of pedagogical conditions for activating the cognitive activity of schoolchildren in technology lessons in the context of digitalization of education. Conclusion. The use of methods to enhance students’ cognitive activity in technology lessons is crucial to increase motivation, engagement and understanding of the material being studied. These methods allow students to actively participate in the learning process, apply their knowledge and skills in practice and develop important life skills necessary for life in today’s rapidly changing world.

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